Multidecadal fCO2 Increase Along the United States Southeast Coastal Margin

Coastal margins could be hotspots for acidification due to terrestrial-influenced CO2 sources. Currently there are no long-term (>20 years) records from biologically important coastal environments that could demonstrate sea surface CO2 fugacity (fCO(2)) and pH trends. Here, multidecadal fCO(2) trends are calculated from underway and moored time series observations along the United States southeast coastal margin, also referred to as the South Atlantic Bight (SAB). fCO(2) trends across the SAB, derived from similar to 26 years of cruises and similar to 9.5 years from a moored time series, range from 3.0 to 4.5 mu atm yr(-1), and are greater than the open ocean increases. The pH decline related to the fCO(2) increases could be as much as -0.004 yr(-1); a rate greater than that expected from atmospheric-influenced pH alone. We provide evidence that fCO(2) increases and pH decreases on an ocean margin can be faster than those predicted for the open ocean from atmospheric influence alone. We conclude that a substantial fCO(2) increase across the marginal SAB is due to both increasing temperature on the middle and outer shelves, but to lateral land-ocean interactions in the coastal zone and on inner shelf.