期刊
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
卷 122, 期 7, 页码 1554-1579出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2016JE005221
关键词
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资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [Ru 1839/1-1]
- Helmholtz Alliance project
- DFG [SFB-TRR 170]
- Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts Baden-Worttemberg and DFG
- NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program [NNX11AC62G]
- NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center [SMD-11-2549]
- NASA
- NASA [NNX11AC62G, 149418] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
We ran several series of two-dimensional numerical mantle convection simulations representing in idealized form the thermochemical evolution of a Mars-like planet. In order to study the importance of compositional buoyancy of melting mantle, the models were set up in pairs of one including all thermal and compositional contributions to buoyancy and one accounting only for the thermal contributions. In several of the model pairs, single large impacts were introduced as causes of additional strong local anomalies, and their evolution in the framework of the convecting mantle was tracked. The models confirm that the additional buoyancy provided by the depletion of the mantle by regular melting can establish a global stable stratification of the convecting mantle and throttle crust production. Furthermore, the compositional buoyancy is essential in the stabilization and preservation of local compositional anomalies directly beneath the lithosphere and offers a possible explanation for the existence of distinct, long-lived reservoirs in the Martian mantle. The detection of such anomalies by geophysical means is probably difficult, however; they are expected to be detected by gravimetry rather than by seismic or heat flow measurements. The results further suggest that the crustal thickness can be locally overestimated by up to approximate to 20km if impact-induced density anomalies in the mantle are neglected.
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