Prevalence and risk factors of traumatic dental injuries to permanent anterior teeth among 8-12 years old school children in Egypt

Background: Despite such a high prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs), very less attention has been paid to TDIs, its etiology and prevention. Aim: The present study was carried out to identify prevalence of TDIs to permanent anterior teeth in children aged from 8 to 12 years old in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six months, 7983 children of age 8-12 years were examined from 38 primary schools which were selected by multistage random sampling. Results: The prevalence of TDIs was 14.6% (1166 children); boys (17%) experienced more injuries than girls (12.3%). TDIs were more common in >= 12 years old (19.5%). Single tooth fracture (75%), maxillary central incisors (82%) and enamel fracture (80.1%) were the most common types of TDIs. Falls were the main cause (38.3%). School (46.1%) & home (30.2%) were the most common places. Only 5.7% (67) were treated. TDIs were more common in children with combinations of Angle's class II (16.6%), overjet >4 mm (23%) and in-adequate lip coverage (23%). Public schools showed higher trauma prevalence than private schools (15.9% and 12.3% respectively). There was a significant association between TDIs and type of occlusion, overjet, lip coverage, crossbite, gender, age & school type. No association was found between the presence of openbite, district & residence and TDIs. Conclusion: The results showed the need of preventive measures against falls at school and home and methods of providing 1st aid in TDIs. (C) 2016 Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.