期刊
TRANSLATIONAL CANCER RESEARCH
卷 6, 期 3, 页码 620-632出版社
AME PUBLISHING COMPANY
DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2017.05.19
关键词
Imaging biomarker; immunohistochemistry; kidney cancer; liquid biopsy; molecular biomarker; radiomics; renal cell carcinoma (RCC); serum biomarker; tissue biomarker; urine biomarker
类别
资金
- National Cancer Institute [P30CA072720]
One particular challenge in the treatment of kidney tumors is the range of histologies and tumor phenotypes a renal mass can represent. A kidney tumor can range from benign (e.g., oncocytoma) to a clinically indolent malignancy (e.g., papillary type I, chromophobe) to aggressive disease [e.g., papillary type II or high-grade clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)]. Even among various subtypes, kidney cancers are genetically diverse with variable prognoses and treatment response rates. Therefore, the key to proper treatment is the differentiation of these subtypes. Currently, a wide array of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers exist that may help guide the individualized care of kidney cancer patients. This review will discuss the various serum, urine, imaging, and immunohistological biomarkers available in practice.
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