期刊
FUNGAL BIOLOGY REVIEWS
卷 31, 期 1, 页码 50-59出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2016.09.001
关键词
Cell wall; L-DOPA; Melanin; Melanosomes; Pyomelanin; Sporothrix
类别
资金
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [449184/2014-5]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico Chamada Encomendas Papes/FIOCRUZ - Papes VI (APQ) [407693/2012-2]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior [Project BJT 014/2012]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa Carlos Chagas Filho (FAPERJ) [E-26/103.175/2011]
- Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) [APQ-1 E-26/111.769/2012]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [478282/2013-3]
Melanins are darkpolymers found in the cell wall of pathogenic fungi, including species from the genus Sporothrix that are causative agents of sporotrichosis. In vitro experiments strongly suggest that these pigments are important for fungal virulence and survival in the host. In S. schenckii, melanin biosynthesis occurs via three different common pathways, which generate dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin, DOPA-melanin or pyomelanin. Moreover, melanin biosynthesis can be enhanced when the fungus is in contact with some bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Melanin pigments have protective effects against antifungals in this genus. New scanning transmission electron tomography data indicates the accumulation of dark pigments in membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles (melanosomes) in S. schenckii yeasts. Here, we provide an up to date of review the biosynthesis and role of melanins and discuss its roles on the cell biology and pathogenesis of Sporothrix spp. (C) 2016 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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