期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00676
关键词
bipolar disorder; rapid cycling; microglia; CD206; induced microglia-like (iMG) cells; state marker; M1/M2 polarization; translational research
类别
资金
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-KAKENHI [26713039, 26860933]
- Innovative Areas of The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan [16H06403, 25117011]
- Young Principal Investigators' Research Grant of Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
- Takeda Medical Research Foundation
- SENSHIN Medical Research Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26860933, 16H06403, 25117011, 25117001, 16H02666] Funding Source: KAKEN
The pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, especially the underlying mechanisms of the bipolarity between manic and depressive states, has yet to be clarified. Microglia, immune cells in the brain, play important roles in the process of brain inflammation, and recent positron emission tomography studies have indicated microglial overactivation in the brain of patients with bipolar disorder. We have recently developed a technique to induced microglia-like (iMG) cells from peripheral blood (monocytes). We introduce a novel translational approach focusing on bipolar disorder using this iMG technique. We hypothesize that immunological conditional changes in microglia may contribute to the shift between manic and depressive states, and thus we herein analyzed gene profiling patterns of iMG cells from three patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder during both manic and depressive states, respectively. We revealed that the gene profiling patterns are different between manic and depressive states. The profiling pattern of case 1 showed that M1 microglia is dominant in the manic state compared to the depressive state. However, the patterns of cases 2 and 3 were not consistent with the pattern of case 1. CD206, a mannose receptor known as a typical M2 marker, was significantly downregulated in the manic state among all three patients. This is the first report to indicate the importance of shifting microglial M1/M2 characteristics, especially the CD206 gene expression pattern between depressive and manic states. Further translational studies are needed to dig up the microglial roles in the underlying biological mechanisms of bipolar disorder.
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