期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01353
关键词
gut microbiota; immune system; toll-like receptors; short chain fatty acids; mucosal barrier; metabolism; dysbiosis
类别
资金
- CONFIRM of the Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve (HUG) Foundation [RC2-09]
- Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC [336607 (ERC-2013-StG-336607)]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [310030_173010]
- SNSF [PP00P3_144886, PP00P3_172906]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PP00P3_144886, 310030_173010, PP00P3_172906] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
The gut microbiota is essential for the development and regulation of the immune system and the metabolism of the host. Germ-free animals have altered immunity with increased susceptibility to immunologic diseases and show metabolic alterations. Here, we focus on two of the major immune-mediated microbiota-influenced components that signal far beyond their local environment. First, the activation or suppression of the toll-like receptors (TLRs) by microbial signals can dictate the tone of the immune response, and they are implicated in regulation of the energy homeostasis. Second, we discuss the intestinal mucosal surface is an immunologic component that protects the host from pathogenic invasion, is tightly regulated with regard to its permeability and can influence the systemic energy balance. The short chain fatty acids are a group of molecules that can both modulate the intestinal barrier and escape the gut to influence systemic health. As modulators of the immune response, the microbiota-derived signals influence functions of distant organs and can change susceptibility to metabolic diseases.
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