期刊
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
卷 601, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
EDP SCIENCES S A
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201629653
关键词
instrumentation: detectors; techniques: miscellaneous
资金
- European Commission [313320, SPA.2012.2.2-01]
- ERC [COG 648135 MOSAIC, STG 240602 TFPA]
- MINECO [AYA2010-2169-C04-01, FIS2012-39162-C06-01, ESP2013-47809-C03-01, ESP2015-65597]
- STFC [ST/K000926/1, ST/N000706/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Aims. Future astrophysics and cosmic microwave background space missions operating in the far-infrared to millimetre part of the spectrum will require very large arrays of ultra-sensitive detectors in combination with high multiplexing factors and efficient low-noise and low-power readout systems. We have developed a demonstrator system suitable for such applications. Methods. The system combines a 961 pixel imaging array based upon Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) with a readout system capable of reading out all pixels simultaneously with only one readout cable pair and a single cryogenic amplifier. We evaluate, in a representative environment, the system performance in terms of sensitivity, dynamic range, optical efficiency, cosmic ray rejection, pixel-pixel crosstalk and overall yield at an observation centre frequency of 850 GHz and 20% fractional bandwidth. Results. The overall system has an excellent sensitivity, with an average detector sensitivity < NEPdet > = 3 x 10(-19) W / root Hz measured using a thermal calibration source. At a loading power per pixel of 50 fW we demonstrate white, photon noise limited detector noise down to 300 mHz. The dynamic range would allow the detection of similar to 1 Jy bright sources within the field of view without tuning the readout of the detectors. The expected dead time due to cosmic ray interactions, when operated in an L2 or a similar far-Earth orbit, is found to be <4%. Additionally, the achieved pixel yield is 83% and the crosstalk between the pixels is < 30 dB. Conclusions. This demonstrates that MKID technology can provide multiplexing ratios on the order of a 1000 with state-of-the-art single pixel performance, and that the technology is now mature enough to be considered for future space based observatories and experiments.
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