期刊
NUCLEUS
卷 8, 期 5, 页码 548-562出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2017.1330238
关键词
DNA methylation; 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; genome stability; repetitive elements; Rett syndrome
类别
资金
- China Scholarship Council
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG CA 198/7, DFG CA 198/10]
One of the major functions of DNA methylation is the repression of transposable elements, such as the long-interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1). The underlying mechanism(s), however, are unclear. Here, we addressed how retrotransposon activation and mobilization are regulated by methyl-cytosine modifying ten-eleven-translocation (Tet) proteins and how this is modulated by methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) proteins. We show that Tet1 activates both, endogenous and engineered L1 retrotransposons. Furthermore, we found that Mecp2 and Mbd2 repress Tet1-mediated activation of L1 by preventing 5hmC formation at the L1 promoter. Finally, we demonstrate that the methyl-CpG binding domain, as well as the adjacent non-sequence specific DNA binding domain of Mecp2 are each sufficient to mediate repression of Tet1-induced L1 mobilization. Our study reveals a mechanism how L1 elements get activated in the absence of Mecp2 and suggests that Tet1 may contribute to Mecp2/Mbd2-deficiency phenotypes, such as the Rett syndrome. We propose that the balance between methylation reader and eraser/writer controls L1 retrotransposition.
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