Thiacalix[4]arene's Lower Rim Derivatives: Synthesis and Supramolecular Properties

A consolidated review on the synthesis of lower rim tetrasubstituted thiacalixarenes and their self-assembly on the soft surfaces contributed from our group is presented. The approaches for the synthesis of different types of tetra-O-substituted thiacalixarenes from the last 10 years are discussed. In addition, amphiphilic macrocycles in 1,3-alternate conformation form monolayers at the interface and are effectively embedded into the vesicles. Decorated by thiacalixarenes nanolayers and vesicles demonstrate a high selectivity towards specific analytes.