Association Between Sex and Speech Auditory Brainstem Responses in Adults, and Relationship to Sex Hormone Levels

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sex and speech-ABR in adults, and its relationship to sex hormone levels. Material/Methods: Speech-ABR were elicited with the consonant-vowel syllable (/da/) in a total of 35 adults. Reproductive hormone levels were also measured. Results: The transient response of the speech-ABR (waves V, A, and O) in females show a shorter latency (waves V, A and O) and a larger amplitude (waves V and A) than in males (P < 0.05), except for the amplitude of peak O (P > 0.05). The sustained response of females exhibited a larger amplitude (wave F, P < 0.05) and a shorter latency (wave D, E, and F, P < 0.05) than in males, except for the amplitude of peak D and E (P > 0.05). The latencies of speech-ABR were positively correlated with testosterone level (P < 0.05), and were negatively correlated with estradiol (E2) levels (P < 0.05), except for wave E (P > 0.05). The E2 showed a positive correlation with the absolute value of amplitude of the speech-ABR (P < 0.05). On the contrary, total testosterone showed a negative correlation with the absolute value of amplitude the speech-ABR (P < 0.05), except for wave D and wave O (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Sex differences in speech-ABR are significant in adults. The latencies and amplitude of the speech-ABR waves were correlated with the E2 concentration and testosterone level. The sex hormones likely affect speech encoding in the brainstem.