Ultra-broadband optical amplification at telecommunication wavelengths achieved by bismuth-activated lead iodide perovskites

It is extremely difficult to achieve hybrid halide perovskite semiconductors with luminescence at wavelengths longer than 1.0 mm, because of the inherent limitation of their band gaps. We show herein that solution-processable, Bi-activated, high-quality MAPbI(3) films can be adopted as a new gain medium operating in the whole telecommunication window of 1260-1625 nm. Additionally, the structural and optical properties of Bi doped MAPbI(3) have been investigated. The results indicate that the NIR PL originates from the structural defects induced by Bi. Finally, we accomplished optical amplification in the whole telecommunication window by using Bi-doped MAPbI(3) films, which represents the first work where such a performance is attained among lead halide perovskites and Bi-doped photonic films. This work opens up exciting possibilities of using perovskite semiconducting materials as gain media for optical amplifiers and lasers operating in the telecommunication window.