期刊
DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
卷 49, 期 1, 页码 84-91出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2016.1278228
关键词
Psilocybin; psilocin; metabolomics; metabolism; toxicity; toxicokinetics
资金
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [IF/01147/2013]
- FEDER [007265 - UID/QUI/50006/2013]
Psilocybin and psilocin are controlled substances in many countries. These are the two main hallucinogenic compounds of the magic mushrooms and both act as agonists or partial agonists at 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2A) subtype receptors. During the last few years, psilocybin and psilocin have gained therapeutic relevance but considerable physiological variability between individuals that can influence dose-response and toxicological profile has been reported. This review aims to discuss metabolism of psilocybin and psilocin, by presenting all major and minor psychoactive metabolites. Psilocybin is primarily a pro-drug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase to active metabolite psilocin. This last is then further metabolized, psilocin-O-glucuronide being the main urinary metabolite with clinical and forensic relevance in diagnosis.
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