Adaptive Sliding Mode Control of Standalone Single-Phase Microgrid Using Hydro, Wind, and Solar PV Array-Based Generation

This paper presents an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) of an improved power quality standalone single phase microgrid system. The proposed microgrid system integrates a governor-less micro-hydro turbine driven single-phase two winding self-excited induction generator with a wind driven permanent magnet brushless dc generator, solar photovoltaic (PV) array and a battery energy storage system. These renewable energy sources are integrated using only one single-phase voltage source converter (VSC). The ASMC-based control algorithm is used to estimate the reference source current which controls the single-phase VSC and regulates the voltage and frequency of the microgrid in addition to harmonics current mitigation. The proposed ASMC estimates the reference real and reactive powers of the system, which is adaptive to the fluctuating loads. The sliding mode control is used to estimate the reference real power of the system to maintain the energy balance among wind, micro-hydro, solar PV power, and BESS, which controls the frequency of standalone microgrid. The proposed microgrid is implemented in real time using a digital signal processor controller. Test results of proposed microgrid shows that the grid voltage and frequency are maintained constant while the system is following a sudden change in loads and under intermittent penetration of wind and solar energy sources.