期刊
BMC MEDICINE
卷 15, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0793-9
关键词
Vascular dementia; Vascular cognitive impairment; VCID; Experimental models; In vivo models; Translational models
资金
- Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) [20140901]
- Alzheimer's Society UK [PG146/151]
- Alzheimer's Research UK [PPG2014A-8]
- British Heart Foundation (UK)
- EPSRC (UK)
- MRC (UK) Centre for Doctoral Training in Regenerative Medicine [EP/L014904/1]
- Israel Science Foundation (ISF) [1353/11]
- Alzheimers Research UK [ART-PPG2005A-2, ARUK-PPG2014A-8] Funding Source: researchfish
- Alzheimer's Society [151] Funding Source: researchfish
- British Heart Foundation [PG/13/8/29989] Funding Source: researchfish
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [1497439] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/L023784/2, G1100540, G0900652, G0502157, MR/L023784/1, G0400074] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) [G0800701/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [CL-2015-16-001] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0900652, G0502157, G0400074, G1100540, MR/L023784/1, MR/L023784/2] Funding Source: UKRI
Background: Disease models are useful for prospective studies of pathology, identification of molecular and cellular mechanisms, pre-clinical testing of interventions, and validation of clinical biomarkers. Here, we review animal models relevant to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). A synopsis of each model was initially presented by expert practitioners. Synopses were refined by the authors, and subsequently by the scientific committee of a recent conference (International Conference on Vascular Dementia 2015). Only peer-reviewed sources were cited. Methods: We included models that mimic VCI-related brain lesions (white matter hypoperfusion injury, focal ischaemia, cerebral amyloid angiopathy) or reproduce VCI risk factors (old age, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, high-salt/high-fat diet) or reproduce genetic causes of VCI (CADASIL-causing Notch3 mutations). Conclusions: We concluded that (1) translational models may reflect a VCI-relevant pathological process, while not fully replicating a human disease spectrum; (2) rodent models of VCI are limited by paucity of white matter; and (3) further translational models, and improved cognitive testing instruments, are required.
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