Robust Ti- and Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis

Photocatalysis represents a promising pathway for the direct conversion of solar energy to valuable chemical energy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are constructed from metal/metal clusters interconnected with organic ligands, have recently emerged as a promising candidate in this field. Among various MOFs, Ti- and Zr-based MOFs have gained intensive interest in photocatalysis due to their relation to the commonly used photocatalyst (TiO2) and high stability. In this review, we summarized the recent applications of Ti- and Zr-based MOFs in solar fuel production, including water reduction and oxidation, CO2 reduction and organics syntheses. Strategies to improve the MOF-based photocatalysis via improving their light absorption and facilitate the charge separation were also demonstrated. Finally, opportunities and challenges facing the MOFs-based photocatalysis, especially the Ti- and Zr containing MOFs were addressed.