Possible role of adrenoceptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in corticotropin-releasing factor -induced sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in rats

Aims: A functional interaction between the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system and noradrenergic neurons in the brain has been suggested. In the present study, we investigated the interrelationship between the central CRF-induced elevation of plasma catecholamines and adrenoceptor activation in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) using urethane-anesthetized rats. Main methods: In rats under urethane anesthesia, a femoral venous line was inserted for infusion of saline, and a femoral arterial line was inserted for collecting blood samples. Next, animals were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus for the application of test agents. Catecholamines in the plasma were extracted by alumina absorption and were assayed with high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Quantification of noradrenaline in rat PVN microdialysates was performed with high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Key findings: We showed that centrally administered CRF elevated noradrenaline release in the PVN. Furthermore, we demonstrated that microinjection of phenylephrine into the PVN induced elevation of plasma levels of adrenaline, but not of noradrenaline, whereas microinjection of isoproterenol into the PVN induced elevation of plasma levels of noradrenaline, but not of adrenaline. Bilateral blockade of adrenoceptors in the PVN revealed that phentolamine significantly suppressed the CRF-induced elevation of plasma adrenaline level, while propranolol significantly CRF-induced elevation of plasma noradrenaline level. Significance: Our results suggest that centrally administered CRF-induced elevation of plasma levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline can be mediated via activation of alpha-adrenoceptors and (beta-adrenoceptors, respectively, in the rat PVN. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.