期刊
ACS NANO
卷 11, 期 3, 页码 3404-3412出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01071
关键词
2D micelles; surfactants; graphene; scanning probe microscopy; molecular dynamics
类别
资金
- BP Exploration Operating Company Ltd.
- EU FP7 grant GRENADA [GA-246073]
- EU FP7 grant QUANTIHEAT [GA-604668]
- EPSRC [EP/K0394/23/1]
- Leverhulme Trust [ECF-2015-005]
- EPSRC [EP/G06556X/1, EP/K023373/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G06556X/1, EP/K023373/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials possess outstanding electronic and mechanical properties, chemical stability, and high surface area. However, to realize graphene's potential for a range of applications in materials science and nanotechnology there is a need to understand and control the interaction of graphene with tailored high-performance surfactants designed to facilitate the preparation, manipulation, and functionalization of new graphene systems. Here we report a combined experimental and theoretical study of the surface structure and dynamics on graphene of pyrene-oligo ethylene glycol (OEG)-based surfactants, which have previously been shown to disperse carbon nanotubes in water. Molecular self-assembly of the surfactants on graphitic surfaces is experimentally monitored and optimized using a graphene coated quartz crystal microbalance in ambient and vacuum environments. Real-space nanoscale resolution nanomechanical and topographical mapping of submonolayer surfactant coverage, using ultrasonic and atomic force microscopies both in ambient and ultrahigh vacuum, reveals complex, multilength-scale self-assembled structures. Molecular dynamics simulations show that at the nanoscale these structures, on atomically flat graphitic surfaces, are dependent upon the surfactant OEG chain length and are predicted to display a previously unseen class of 2D self-arranged starfish micelles (2DSMs). While three-dimensional micelles are well-known for their widespread uses ranging from microreactors to drug-delivery vehicles, these 2DSMs possess the highly desirable and tunable characteristics of high surface affinity coupled with unimpeded mobility, opening up strategies for processing and functionalizing 2D materials.
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