期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 9, 期 8, 页码 7859-7865出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00312
关键词
perovskite; photoelectron spectroscopy; electronic structure; air exposure; hole transport; formation mechanism
资金
- Jiangsu Province Technology Fund [BK20141188]
- NSFC Research Fund for International Young Scientists [11550110176]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [U1432106]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University
We report a photoelectron spectroscopy study on the electronic structure of CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3-x)Cl(x) thin films fabricated by physical evaporation from CH3NH3I and PbCl2 precursors, including (1) simultaneously evaporation and (2) sequential evaporation. The results are compared with CH3NH3PbI3-xClx made using conventional solution chemistry (i.e., spin-coating). Depending on the fabrication method, CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3-x)Cl(x) films show different chemical constituents in the near-surface region, leading to disparities in their energetic levels. The chemical identities of the surface species are revealed-by an in situ study on the sequentially evaporated film. Moreover, air-exposure treatment also greatly alters the energetic levels of the film. Using hole transport layer of N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine (NPB) as a model system, we find that the energy-level alignment with the spin-coated film after air exposure is most suitable for efficient hole transport.
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