期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 9, 期 4, 页码 3343-3353出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12932
关键词
core-shell; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; targeted magnetic resonance imaging; size-dependent relaxivity; macrophage nanoparticle uptake
资金
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC [310034]
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have received immense interest for biomedical applications, with the first clinical application as negative contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the first generation MRI contrast agents with dextran-enwrapped, polydisperse iron oxide nanoparticle clusters are limited to imaging of the liver and spleen; this is related to their poor colloidal stability in biological media and inability to evade clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. We investigate the qualitatively different performance of a new generation of individually PEG-grafted core-shell SPION in terms of relaxivity and cell uptake and compare them to benchmark iron oxide contrast agents. These PEG-grafted SPION uniquely enable relaxivity measurements in aqueous suspension without aggregation even at 9.4 T magnetic fields due to their extraordinary colloidal stability. This allows for determination of the size-dependent scaling of relaxivity, which is shown to follow a d(2) dependence for identical core-shell structures. The here introduced core-shell SPION with similar to 15 nm core diameter yield a higher R-2 relaxivity than previous clinically used contrast agents as well as previous generations of individually stabilized SPION. The colloidal stability extends to control over evasion of macrophage clearance and stimulated uptake by SPION functionalized with protein ligands, which is a key requirement for targeted MRI.
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