期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
卷 838, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa65ca
关键词
planet-disk interactions; planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: composition; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks
资金
- VRI/PUC grant
- CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional graduate fellowship
- Ministry for the Economy, Development and Tourism Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio [IC 120009]
- NSF [NNX16AB49G]
- CNES post-doctoral fellowship program
We predict the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratios in the hydrogen-helium envelope and atmospheres of a sample of nearly 50 relatively cool (T-eq < 1000 K) transiting gas giant planets. The method involves planetary envelope metallicity estimates that use the structure models of Thorngren et al. and the disk and planetary accretion model of Oberg et al. We find that nearly all of these planets are strongly metal-enriched, which, coupled with the fact that solid material is the main deliverer of metals in the protoplanetary disk, implies that the substellar C/O ratios of their accreted solid material dominate compared to the enhanced C/O ratio of their accreted gaseous component. We predict that these planets will have atmospheres that are typically reduced in their C/O compared to parent star values independent of the assessed formation locations, with C/O < 1 a nearly universal outcome within the framework of the model. We expect water vapor absorption features to be ubiquitous in the atmospheres of these planets, and by extension, other gas giants.
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