期刊
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
卷 23, 期 4, 页码 272-290出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cns.12684
关键词
adenosine receptor; Alzheimer disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; caffeine; dosage; Huntington disease; neurodegenerative disease; neuroprotection; Parkinson disease
Caffeine is the most widely used psychostimulant in Western countries, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), caffeine is beneficial in both men and women, in humans and animals. Similar effects of caffeine were observed in men with Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the effect of caffeine in female PD patients is controversial due to caffeine's competition with estrogen for the estrogen-metabolizing enzyme, CYP1A2. Studies conducted in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) showed protective effects of A(2A)R antagonism. A study found caffeine to be associated with earlier age of onset of Huntington's disease (HD) at intakes >190mg/d, but studies in animal models have found equivocal results. Caffeine is protective in AD and PD at dosages equivalent to 3-5mg/kg. However, further research is needed to investigate the effects of caffeine on PD in women. As well, the effects of caffeine in ALS, HD and Machado-Joseph disease need to be further investigated. Caffeine's most salient mechanisms of action relevant to neurodegenerative diseases need to be further explored.
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