期刊
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005693
关键词
-
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) [HHSN272200900007C]
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Interagency Agreement with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DTRA10027IA-2359 BASIC]
- DHS ST [HSHQDC-13-C-B0009]
- NIAID through the Western Regional Center of Excellence (WRCE) for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research
- NIH [U54 AIO57156]
- NIAID NIH [R01 -AI095753-01A1]
- James W. McLaughlin endowment fund
- University of California Laboratory Fees Research Program [12-LR-236617]
- NIH-NIAID Career Development Award [K01AI110181]
- NIH-NIAID [AI115701]
Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphaviruses are important re-emerging arboviruses that cause life-threatening disease in equids during epizootics as well as spillover human infections. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VEE complex alphaviruses by sequencing the genomes of 94 strains and performing phylogenetic analyses of 130 isolates using complete open reading frames for the nonstructural and structural polyproteins. Our analyses confirmed purifying selection as a major mechanism influencing the evolution of these viruses as well as a confounding factor in molecular clock dating of ancestors. Times to most recent common ancestors (tMRCAs) could be robustly estimated only for the more recently diverged subtypes; the tMRCA of the ID/IAB/IC/II and IE clades of VEE virus (VEEV) were estimated at ca. 149-973 years ago. Evolution of the IE subtype has been characterized by a significant evolutionary shift from the rest of the VEEV complex, with an increase in structural protein substitutions that are unique to this group, possibly reflecting adaptation to its unique enzootic mosquito vector Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus. Our inferred tree topologies suggest that VEEV is maintained primarily in situ, with only occasional spread to neighboring countries, probably reflecting the limited mobility of rodent hosts and mosquito vectors.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据