期刊
PLOS MEDICINE
卷 14, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002409
关键词
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资金
- EU FP6 programme [LSHM_CT_2006_037197]
- MRC Epidemiology Unit [MC_UU_12015/1, MC_UU_12015/5]
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Cambridge [IS-BRC1215-20014]
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory [MC_UD99999906]
- Cambridge Lipidomics Biomarker Research Initiative [G0800783]
- MRC [MR/M012190/1]
- Cancer Research UK [C8221/19170]
- the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- German Center for Diabetes Research
- State of Brandenburg
- Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health
- Murcia Regional Government [6236]
- Regional Government of Navarre and Institute de Salud Carlos III [PIE14/00045]
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Netherlands Cancer Registry
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch Prevention Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund
- Statistics Netherlands
- Netherlands Agency [IGE05012]
- UMC Utrecht
- Swedish Research Council
- Novo Nordisk
- Swedish Diabetes Association
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- German Cancer Aid
- German Ministry of Research
- MRC UK
- Cancer Research UK
- Danish Cancer Society
- The Vasterboten County Council
- AlRE-ONLUS Ragusa, AVIS-Ragusa, Sicilian Regional Government
- Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre
- MRC [MC_EX_G0800783, MC_PC_13030, MR/P011705/1, MC_UU_12015/5, MR/N003284/1, MC_UU_12015/1, MC_UP_A090_1006, MR/P01836X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Cancer Research UK [14136, 16491] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/P01836X/1, MC_PC_13030, MR/P011705/1, G0401527, G1000143, MC_EX_G0800783, MC_UP_A090_1006, MR/N003284/1, MC_UU_12015/5, MC_UU_12015/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0512-10135, NF-SI-0512-10114] Funding Source: researchfish
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF14OC0009819, NNF13OC0005339] Funding Source: researchfish
Background Combinations of multiple fatty acids may influence cardiometabolic risk more than single fatty acids. The association of a combination of fatty acids with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been evaluated. Methods and findings We measured plasma phospholipid fatty acids by gas chromatography in 27,296 adults, including 12,132 incident cases of T2D, over the follow-up period between baseline (1991-1998) and 31 December 2007 in 8 European countries in EPIC-InterAct, a nested casecohort study. The first principal component derived by principal component analysis of 27 individual fatty acids (mole percentage) was the main exposure (subsequently called the fatty acid pattern score [FA-pattern score]). The FA-pattern score was partly characterised by high concentrations of linoleic acid, stearic acid, odd-chain fatty acids, and very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and low concentrations of.-linolenic acid, palmitic acid, and long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids, and it explained 16.1% of the overall variability of the 27 fatty acids. Based on country-specific Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random-effects meta-analysis, the FA-pattern score was associated with lower incident T2D. Comparing the top to the bottom fifth of the score, the hazard ratio of incident T2D was 0.23 (95% CI 0.19-0.29) adjusted for potential confounders and 0.37 (95% CI 0.27-0.50) further adjusted for metabolic risk factors. The association changed little after adjustment for individual fatty acids or fatty acid subclasses. In cross-sectional analyses relating the FA-pattern score to metabolic, genetic, and dietary factors, the FA-pattern score was inversely associated with adiposity, triglycerides, liver enzymes, C-reactive protein, a genetic score representing insulin resistance, and dietary intakes of soft drinks and alcohol and was positively associated with high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and intakes of polyunsaturated fat, dietary fibre, and coffee (p < 0.05 each). Limitations include potential measurement error in the fatty acids and other model covariates and possible residual confounding. Conclusions A combination of individual fatty acids, characterised by high concentrations of linoleic acid, odd-chain fatty acids, and very long-chain fatty acids, was associated with lower incidence of T2D. The specific fatty acid pattern may be influenced by metabolic, genetic, and dietary factors.
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