Toxicokinetics of the broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin in broiler chickens

1. The aim of this study was to examine single-dose toxicokinetics of deltamethrin, a broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide, for treatment of broiler chickens.2. Twenty male broiler chickens were used. Animals were divided into two groups, each comprising 10 animals. An intravenous dose of 0.75mg of deltamethrin/kg body weight was given intravenously to the first group and the same dose (0.75 mg/kg body weight) was administered by intracrop by gavage to the second group. Blood samples were also collected at specified intervals.3. Serum deltamethrin levels were measured via micro-electron capture detection with gas chromatography equipment. According to the serum deltamethrin level-time curve, deltamethrin tended to distribute according to a two-compartment open model.4. The half-life at phase (t(1/2)), mean residence time (MRT) and area under the concentration time curve in 0- (AUC(0)) values after intravenous application of deltamethrin were 4.000.76h, 4.65 +/- 0.75h and 702.27 +/- 236.07ngh/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the absorption half-life (t(1/2a)), maximal concentration in serum after intracrop administration (C-max), time needed to reach C-max (t(max)), t(1/2), MRT and AUC(0) values after intracrop application of deltamethrin were determined to be 0.18 +/- 0.06h, 19.65 +/- 4.58ng/ml, 0.70 +/- 0.10h, 7.27 +/- 1.36h, 10.46 +/- 1.84h and 153.33 +/- 30.83ngh/ml, respectively. The bioavailability of deltamethrin was 21.83%.5. It was concluded that deltamethrin was rapidly but incompletely absorbed after intracrop administration and bioavailability was at a low level. The t(1/2) and MRT of the deltamethrin were short for both intracrop and intravenous applications, and the risk of toxic and residual effects of deltamethrin is therefore limited.