期刊
OPEN BIOLOGY
卷 7, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160285
关键词
bivalves; lysozymes; molecular evolution; bacteriophage
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31572647]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20131401, BK20161016]
- Natural Science Fund of Colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province [13KJB240002, 14KJA240002]
- High Level Talents Foundation in Nanjing Normal University [2012104XGQ0101]
- Priority Academic Programme Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
Eukaryotes have occasionally acquired genetic material through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). However, little is known about the evolutionary and functional significance of such acquisitions. Lysozymes are ubiquitous enzymes that degrade bacterial cell walls. Here, we provide evidence that two subclasses of bivalves (Heterodonta and Palaeoheterodonta) acquired a lysozyme gene via HGT, building on earlier findings. Phylogenetic analyses place the bivalve lysozyme genes within the clade of bacteriophage lysozyme genes, indicating that the bivalves acquired the phage-type lysozyme genes from bacteriophages, either directly or through intermediate hosts. These bivalve lysozyme genes underwent dramatic structural changes after their co-option, including intron gain and fusion with other genes. Moreover, evidence suggests that recurrent gene duplication occurred in the bivalve lysozyme genes. Finally, we show the co-opted lysozymes exhibit a capacity for antibacterial action, potentially augmenting the immune function of related bivalves. This represents an intriguing evolutionary strategy in the eukaryote-microbe arms race, in which the genetic materials of bacteriophages are co-opted by eukaryotes, and then used by eukaryotes to combat bacteria, using a shared weapon against a common enemy.
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