期刊
ECONOMICA
卷 84, 期 334, 页码 180-209出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ecca.12230
关键词
-
类别
资金
- ESRC [ES/M010341/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/M010341/1] Funding Source: researchfish
We document the evolution of gender inequality in labour market outcomesearnings, labour supply and wage ratesover the path of economic development, and present evidence on the potential reasons for this evolution. To this end, we have created a micro database that compiles 248 surveys from 53 countries between 1967 and 2014, covering a wide range of per capita income levels. There is large convergence in the earnings of men and women over the path of development, driven by female labour force participation and wage rates. We argue that the single most important factor behind this convergence is demographic transition: the effects of children on gender gaps (child penalties') are large at both low and high levels of development, but fertility declines drastically over the growth process and thus reduces the aggregate implications of children. We also document gender convergence in educational attainment and consider its effects on earnings inequality, arguing that these are significant but less dramatic than the effects of fertility. Finally, we document striking changes in the values or norms surrounding the role of women with children, implying that such changes could serve as a reinforcing mechanism for gender convergence.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据