期刊
AUTISM RESEARCH
卷 10, 期 5, 页码 778-789出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/aur.1741
关键词
autism comorbidities; epilepsy; schizophrenia; age; sex
资金
- National Institutes of Health [MH084164]
- Brain and Behavior Foundation [NARSAD Young Investigator Award 22579]
Individuals with ASD frequently experience one or more comorbid conditions. Here, we investigate the influence of sex and age-two important, yet understudied factors-on ten common comorbid conditions in ASD, using cross-sectional data from 4790 individuals with ASD and 1,842,575 individuals without ASD. Epilepsy, ADHD, and CNS/cranial anomalies showed exceptionally large proportions in both male (>19%) and female (>15%), children/adolescents with ASD. Notably, these prevalence rates decreased drastically with age in both males and females. In contrast, the prevalence of schizophrenia increased with age affecting a disproportionately large number of older (>= 35 year) adult males (25%), compared to females (7.7%), with ASD. Bowel disorders showed a complex U-pattern accompanied by changes in sex disparity with age. These results highlight crucial differences between cross-sectional comorbidity patterns and their interactions with sex and age, which may aid in the development of effective sex- and age-specific diagnostic/treatment strategies for ASD and comorbid conditions. (C) 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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