Recent Progress in Non-Precious Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Non-precious metal catalysts should be studied to substitute precious Pt catalysts. Recent developments of non-precious-metal catalysts (combined with the achievements of our group) are summarized in this paper. The main issues that exist in the transition metal oxides, metal-nitrogen-carbon material, and heteroatom-doped carbon material are highlighted from the aspects of the synthetic methods and mechanisms. The research tendency and perspective of these non-precious metal catalysts are provided.