期刊
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
卷 74, 期 5, 页码 702-715出版社
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0076
关键词
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资金
- Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
- US Fish and Wildlife Service through the Alaska Coastal Program
- Kenai Peninsula Fish Habitat Partnership
- Mat-Su Basin Salmon Habitat Partnership
- Alaska EPSCoR NSF award [OIA-1208927]
- state of Alaska
- Alaska Conservation Foundation
- George H. & Jane A. Mifflin Memorial Fund
- True North Foundation
- Patagonia
- Office Of The Director
- Office of Integrative Activities [1208927] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Climate is changing fastest in high-latitude regions, focusing our research on understanding rates and drivers of changing temperature regimes in southcentral Alaska streams and implications for salmon populations. We collected continuous water and air temperature data during open-water periods from 2008 to 2012 in 48 nonglacial salmon streams across the Cook Inlet basin spanning a range of watershed characteristics. The most important predictors of maximum temperatures, expressed as mean July temperature, maximum weekly average temperature, and maximum weekly maximum temperature (MWMT), were mean elevation and wetland cover, while thermal sensitivity (slope of the stream-air temperature relationship) was best explained by mean elevation and area. Although maximum stream temperatures varied widely between years and across sites (8.4 to 23.7 degrees C), MWMT at most sites exceeded established criterion for spawning and incubation (13 degrees C), above which chronic and sublethal effects become likely, every year of the study, which suggests salmon are already experiencing thermal stress. Projections of MWMT over the next similar to 50 years suggest these criteria will be exceeded at more sites and by increasing margins.
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