期刊
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 8, 期 3, 页码 403-417出版社
TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP
DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2016.11.001
关键词
Dust chemistry; TSP; PM10; Water-soluble ions; Levar wind; Sistan
资金
- Tarbiat Modares University
The present study analyzes the total suspended particulates (TSP) and particulate matter less than 10 mm (PM10) concentrations along with the water-soluble ionic species (WSIS) in airborne dust samples collected in Zabol, located in the Sistan basin of southeast Iran. Rather extreme TSP and PM10 mean concentrations of 1867.0 mu g m(-3) and 433.4 mu g m(-3) are found, while the WSIS contribute only 8.9% and 19.3% to the TSP and PM10 mass, respectively indicating large fraction of water-insoluble crustal elements, carbonaceous aerosols and heavy metals that remained unexplored. Ca2+ is the most abundant ionic species contributing similar to 25-26% to the total WSIS mass, followed by NH4+, K+, and SO42. Important fractions of Cl- and Na+ (7-9% of the total WSIS mass) indicate the presence of saline dust storms over Sistan due to desiccation of the Hamoun lakes and uplift of evaporated minerals by the strong Levar (120-days) wind. High correlations between the WSIS suggest large possibility for formation of NaCl, (NH4)(2)SO4, MgSO4, K2SO4, CaSO4 and NH4NO3. The dusty days (visibility < 2 km) are associated with intense winds (11.7 ms(-1) on average) and large increase (similar to 80-100%) in the concentrations of the crustal elements (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl-) compared to the normal days, while the TSP and PM10 concentrations reach to 4496 mu gm(-3) and 1010.6 mu gm(-3), respectively. Copyright (C) 2017 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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