Inclusion Crystal Growth and Optical Properties of Organic Charge-transfer Complexes Built from Small Aromatic Guest Molecules and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives

Inclusion crystals were effectively formed from a simple naphthalenediimide derivative with toluene, 4-fluorotoluene, and p-xylene by the aid of cooperative intermolecular interactions, such as charge-transfer interactions and inclusion phenomena. The crystals showed intense guest-dependent solid-state emission based on ground state CT complexes between naphthalenediimide and small aromatic guests.