期刊
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
卷 27, 期 18, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201700310
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资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51572214, 51372196]
- ONR [N00014-12-1-1043]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi province [2015JQ5135]
- 111 Project [B14040]
- ONRG [N62909-16-1-2126]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-07ER46417]
The existence of polar nanoregions is the most important characteristic of relaxor-based ferroelectric materials. Recently, the contributions of polar nanoregions to the shear piezoelectric property of relaxor-PbTiO3 (PT) crystals are confirmed in a single domain state, accounting for 50%-80% of room temperature values. For electromechanical applications, however, the outstanding longitudinal piezoelectricity in domain-engineered relaxor-PT crystals is of the most significance. In this paper, the contributions of polar nanoregions to the longitudinal properties in [001]-poled Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.30PbTiO(3) and [110]-poled Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.15PbTiO(3) (PZN-0.15PT) domain-engineered crystals are studied. Taking the [110]-poled tetragonal PZN-0.15PT crystal as an example, phase-field simulations of the domain structures and the longitudinal dielectric/piezoelectric responses are performed. According to the experimental results and phase-field simulations, the contributions of polar nanoregions (PNRs) to the longitudinal properties of relaxor-PT crystals are successfully explained on the mesoscale, where the PNRs behave as seeds to facilitate macroscopic polarization rotation and enhance electric-field-induced strain. The results reveal the importance of local structures to the macroscopic properties, where a modest structural variation on the nanoscale greatly impacts the macroscopic properties.
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