期刊
AIDS
卷 31, 期 8, 页码 1169-1180出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001451
关键词
amyl nitrite; behavioral risk factors; cancer; HIV-1; oncogenic viruses
资金
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U58DP000795-05]
- California Department of Public Health [103885]
- CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries [5NU58DP003862-04/DP003862]
- National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program [HHSN261201000140C, HHSN261201000035C, HHSN261201000034C]
- State of Maryland
- Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund
- National Program of Cancer Registries of the CDC
- NIH [DP1 DA028994, R01 DA30985, U01-AI35039, T32-AG000222, T32-AI007386, UL1 TR001102, P30 AI060354]
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, UM1-AI35043]
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Objectives: Nitrite inhalants (poppers) are commonly used recreational drugs among MSM and were previously associated with elevated rates of high-risk sexual behavior, HIV and human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) seroconversion, and transient immunosuppressive effects in experimental models. Whether long-term popper use is associated with cancer risk among MSM in the HAART era is unclear. Design: Prospective cohort study of cancer risk in 3223 HIV-infected and uninfected MSM in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study from 1996-2010. Methods: Poisson regression models were used to examine the association between heavy popper use (defined as daily or weekly use for at least 1 year) and risk of individual cancers or composite category of virus-associated cancers. Results: Among all participants, heavy popper use was not associated with increased risk of any individual cancers. Among HIV-uninfected men aged 50-70, heavy popper use was associated with increased risk of virus-associated cancer with causes linked to human papillomavirus, HHV-8, and Epstein-Barr virus in models adjusted for demographics, number of sexual partners, immunological parameters (CD4(+) cell counts or CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios), and hepatitis B and C viruses [incidence rate ratio (IRR), 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.24, 1.05-9.96], or sexually transmitted infections (IRR 3.03, 95% CI, 1.01-9.09), as was cumulative use over a 5-year period (IRR 1.012, 95% CI 1.003-1.021; P = 0.007). There was no significant association between heavy popper use and virus-associated cancer in HIV-infected men. Conclusions: Long-term heavy popper use is associated with elevated risk of some virus-associated cancers with causes related to human papillomavirus, HHV-8, and Epstein-Barr virus infections in older HIV-uninfected MSM independent of sexual behavior and immunological parameters. Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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