期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/srep44292
关键词
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资金
- UK's Economic and Social Research Council [RES-060-25-467 0085]
- John Templeton Foundation
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon Research and Innovation Programme [694986]
- John Fell OUP Research Fund [131/072]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [PSI2015-67754-P]
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis through NSF Award [EF-0830858]
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville
- US Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0637]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure [1300426] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Economic and Social Research Council [1369057, ES/I005455/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- ESRC [ES/I005455/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Willingness to lay down one's life for a group of non-kin, well documented historically and ethnographically, represents an evolutionary puzzle. Building on research in social psychology, we develop a mathematical model showing how conditioning cooperation on previous shared experience can allow individually costly pro-group behavior to evolve. The model generates a series of predictions that we then test empirically in a range of special sample populations (including military veterans, college fraternity/sorority members, football fans, martial arts practitioners, and twins). Our empirical results show that sharing painful experiences produces identity fusion -a visceral sense of oneness which in turn can motivate self-sacrifice, including willingness to fight and die for the group. Practically, our account of how shared dysphoric experiences produce identity fusion helps us better understand such pressing social issues as suicide terrorism, holy wars, sectarian violence, gang-related violence, and other forms of intergroup conflict.
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