期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01977-w
关键词
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资金
- Lundbeck Foundation [R165-2013-15410]
- Harboe Foundation [16152]
- A.P. Moller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science [15-363]
- Aase and Einar Danielsen's Foundation [10-001490]
- Weimann's grant
- MRC fellowship [MR/J012165/1]
- MRC [MC_UU_12013/4]
- Medical Research Council [MR/J01351X/1, MC_UU_12013/6]
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J023299/1, ES/G007489/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Lundbeck Foundation [R163-2013-16235, R165-2013-15410, R219-2016-471] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/J01351X/1, MR/J012165/1, MR/N01104X/2, MC_UU_12019/1, G9815508, MR/N01104X/1, MR/K023195/1, MC_PC_15018, MC_UU_12013/6, MC_UU_12013/4, G1001799, MR/K013351/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (SDCC) [SDCC 3.A Complications] Funding Source: researchfish
- ESRC [ES/J023299/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G1001799, MR/K013351/1, MC_UU_12013/4, MR/N01104X/2, MC_UU_12019/1, MR/J01351X/1, MR/N01104X/1, MR/J012165/1, MC_UU_12013/6] Funding Source: UKRI
Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma by using the smoking-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968/rs1051730. We included 231,020 participants from 22 population-based studies. Observational analyses showed that current vs never smokers had lower risk of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61, 0.76; P < 0.001) and allergic sensitization (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.86; P < 0.001), but similar asthma risk (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.09; P = 0.967). Mendelian randomization analyses in current smokers showed a slightly lower risk of hay fever (OR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.920, 0.998; P = 0.041), a lower risk of allergic sensitization (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.02; P = 0.117), but higher risk of asthma (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11; P = 0.020) per smoking-increasing allele. Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance.
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