期刊
INTERNATIONAL NEUROUROLOGY JOURNAL
卷 21, 期 2, 页码 83-96出版社
KOREAN CONTINENCE SOC
DOI: 10.5213/inj.1734961.458
关键词
Extracellular vesicles; Exosomes; Purification; Biomarkers
资金
- Mid-Career Researcher Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [2016R1A2B4008399]
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2016R1A2B4008399] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) not only eliminate unwanted molecular components, but also carry molecular cargo essential for specific intercellular communication mechanisms. As the molecular characteristics and biogenetical mechanisms of heterogeneous EVs are different, many studies have attempted to purify and characterize EVs. In particular, exosomal molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, have been suggested as disease biomarkers or therapeutic targets in various diseases. However, several unresolved issues and challenges remain despite these promising results, including source variability before the isolation of exosomes from body fluids, the contamination of proteins during isolation, and methodological issues related to the purification of exosomes. This paper reviews the general characteristics of EVs, particularly microvesicles and exosomes, along with their physiological roles and contribution to the pathogenesis of major diseases, several widely used methods to isolate exosomes, and challenges in the development of disease biomarkers using the molecular contents of EVs isolated from body fluids.
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