期刊
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
卷 169, 期 -, 页码 65-74出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.003
关键词
Xanthan gum; RAW264.7macrophages; Immunomodulatory; SPR analysis; TLR4; Anti-inflammatory
资金
- Twelfth Five-Year Plan of the national science and technology for Significant New Drugs Development [2012ZX093016-002]
In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of xanthan gum (XG) in RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the morphology of XG-treated RAW264.7 cells with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and investigated the subsequent effects on nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (INF-alpha), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2) levels in LPS-activated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. We also analyzed the binding affinity of XG to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis and observed that XG decreased NO, IL-6 and INF-alpha secretion into the culture medium and iNOS and COX-2 protein levels induced by LPS. This study reveals a two-way immunomodulatory effect of XG on inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages that may involve the TLR4 signal pathway, providing a pharmacological basis for the use of XG in the control of inflammatory disorders. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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