期刊
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 7, 期 20, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201701003
关键词
critical current density; defects; dendrites; Li-ion batteries; solid electrolytes
类别
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-SC0002633, DE-FG02-10ER46771]
- Austrian Science Fund [P 30660-N36]
Li deposition is observed and measured on a solid electrolyte in the vicinity of a metallic current collector. Four types of ion-conducting, inorganic solid electrolytes are tested: Amorphous 70/30 mol% Li2S-P2S5, polycrystalline beta-Li3PS4, and polycrystalline and single-crystalline Li6La3ZrTaO12 garnet. The nature of lithium plating depends on the proximity of the current collector to defects such as surface cracks and on the current density. Lithium plating penetrates/infiltrates at defects, but only above a critical current density. Eventually, infiltration results in a short circuit between the current collector and the Li-source (anode). These results do not depend on the electrolytes shear modulus and are thus not consistent with the Monroe-Newman model for dendrites. The observations suggest that Li-plating in pre-existing flaws produces crack-tip stresses which drive crack propagation, and an electrochemomechanical model of plating-induced Li infiltration is proposed. Lithium short-circuits through solid electrolytes occurs through a fundamentally different process than through liquid electrolytes. The onset of Li infiltration depends on solid-state electrolyte surface morphology, in particular the defect size and density.
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