期刊
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 7, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201700414
关键词
hysteresis; Kelvin probe force microscopy; perovskite solar cells; post annealing
类别
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) SunShot Initiative under Next Generation Photovoltaics 3 program [DE-FOA-0000990]
- National Science Foundation [CHE-1230246, DMR-1534686]
- Ohio Research Scholar Program
- National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB933300]
- National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [50125309]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51272184, 91433203]
- National Natural Science Foundation Project of China [61674029]
Through detailed device characterization using cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and trap density of states measurements, we identify that the J-V hysteresis seen in planar organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) using SnO2 electron selective layers (ESLs) synthesized by low-temperature plasma-enhanced atomic-layer deposition (PEALD) method is mainly caused by the imbalanced charge transportation between the ESL/perovskite and the hole selective layer/perovskite interfaces. We find that this charge transportation imbalance is originated from the poor electrical conductivity of the low-temperature PEALD SnO2 ESL. We further discover that a facile low-temperature thermal annealing of SnO2 ESLs can effectively improve the electrical mobility of low-temperature PEALD SnO2 ESLs and consequently significantly reduce or even eliminate the J-V hysteresis. With the reduction of J-V hysteresis and optimization of deposition process, planar PVSCs with stabilized output powers up to 20.3% are achieved. The results of this study provide insights for further enhancing the efficiency of planar PVSCs.
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