期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14812
关键词
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资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- University of Guelph
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- American Ornithologist's Union Student Research Award
- Society of Canadian Ornithologists Taverner Research Award
- Cooper Ornithological Society Mewaldt-King Student Research Award
- National Science Foundation [0816132]
- Bowdoin College
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0816132] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Understanding the factors that limit and regulate wildlife populations requires insight into demographic and environmental processes acting throughout the annual cycle. Here, we combine multi-year tracking data of individual birds with a 26-year demographic study of a migratory songbird to evaluate the relative effects of density and weather at the breeding and wintering grounds on population growth rate. Our results reveal clear support for opposing forces of winter temperature and breeding density driving population dynamics. Above-average temperatures at the wintering grounds lead to higher population growth, primarily through their strong positive effects on survival. However, population growth is regulated over the long term by strong negative effects of breeding density on both fecundity and adult male survival. Such knowledge of how year-round factors influence population growth, and the demographic mechanisms through which they act, will vastly improve our ability to predict species responses to environmental change and develop effective conservation strategies for migratory animals.
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