期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 29, 期 31, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700530
关键词
conducting domain walls; ferroelectrics; low-symmetry phases; thermotropic phase boundaries
类别
资金
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1420620, DMR-1210588]
- Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy
- NSF [DMR-1649490]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1210588] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The design of new or enhanced functionality in materials is traditionally viewed as requiring the discovery of new chemical compositions through synthesis. Large property enhancements may however also be hidden within already well-known materials, when their structural symmetry is deviated from equilibrium through a small local strain or field. Here, the discovery of enhanced material properties associated with a new metastable phase of monoclinic symmetry within bulk KNbO3 is reported. This phase is found to coexist with the nominal orthorhombic phase at room temperature, and is both induced by and stabilized with local strains generated by a network of ferroelectric domain walls. While the local microstructural shear strain involved is only approximate to 0.017%, the concurrent symmetry reduction results in an optical second harmonic generation response that is over 550% higher at room temperature. Moreover, the meandering walls of the low-symmetry domains also exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity on the order of 1 S m(-1). This discovery reveals a potential new route to local engineering of significant property enhancements and conductivity through symmetry lowering in ferroelectric crystals.
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