期刊
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
卷 474, 期 -, 页码 334-344出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.048
关键词
coastal deformation; multi-fault rupture; Kaikoura earthquake; lidar differencing; plate boundary
资金
- GeoNet
- New Zealand Earthquake Commission (EQC)
- GNS Science, and Land Information New Zealand
- Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) through the Natural Hazards Research Platform [2017-GNS-01-NHRP]
- GNS Science MBIE strategic science investment funding (GNS-SSIF-TSZ)
- US National Science Foundation under NSF [1226353, 1225810]
- MBIE through the Natural Hazards Research Platform [C05X0907]
- MBIE through the Endeavour Fund [C05X1605, COPR1702]
- Tangaroa Reference Group
- New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE) [C05X1605, C05X0907] Funding Source: New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Coseismic coastal deformation is often used to understand slip on offshore faults in large earthquakes but in the 2016 M(W)7.8 KaikOura earthquake multiple faults ruptured across and sub-parallel to the coastline. Along similar to 110 km of coastline, a rich dataset of coastal deformation comprising airborne lidar differencing, field surveying and satellite geodesy reveals highly variable vertical displacements, ranging from -2.5 to 6.5 m. These inform a refined slip model for the Kaikoura earthquake which incorporates changes to the slip on offshore faults and inclusion of an offshore reverse crustal fault that accounts for broad, low-amplitude uplift centered on Kaikoura Peninsula. The exceptional detail afforded by differential lidar and the high variability in coastal deformation combine to form the highest-resolution and most complex record of coseismic coastal deformation yet documented. This should prompt reassessment of coastal paleoseismic records that may not have considered multi-fault ruptures and high complexity deformation fields. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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