Site-resolved imaging of single atoms with a Faraday quantum gas microscope

We demonstrate a quantum gas microscope based on the Faraday effect that does not require a stochastic spontaneous emission process. We reveal the dispersive feature of this Faraday-imaging method by comparing the detuning dependence of the Faraday signal with that of the photon scattering rate. In addition, we determine the atom distribution through a deconvolution analysis, demonstrate absorption and dark-field Faraday imaging, and reveal the various shapes of the point spread functions for these methods, which are fully explained by a theoretical analysis. The results constitute an important first step toward ultimate quantum nondemolition site-resolved imaging and open the way to quantum feedback control of a quantum many-body system with single-site resolution.