Potential wind erosion rate response to climate and land-use changes in the watershed of the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River, China, 1986-2013

Climate and land-use changes could strongly affect wind erosion and in turn cause a series of environmental problems. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess potential wind erosion rate (PWER) response to climate and land-use changes in the watershed of the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River (NIMRYR), China. The watershed of NIMRYR suffers from serious wind erosion hazards, and over recent decades, wind erosion intensity and distribution has changed, following climate and land-use changes. To understand these processes in the NIMRYR watershed, the Integrated Wind Erosion Modelling System (IWEMS) and the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) were used to calculate the PWER under different climate conditions and land-use scenarios, and to assess the influences of climate and land-use changes on the PWER. The results show the PWER in the whole watershed had a significant declining trend from 1986 to 2013. The results of the relationship among PWER, climate change, and land-use changes showed that climate change was the dominant control on the PWER change in this watershed. Compared to the period 1986-1995, the average PWER decreased 23.32% and 64.98% as a result of climate change in the periods 1996-2005 and 2006-2013, respectively. In contrast with climate change, the effects of land-use changes on the average PWER were much lower, and represented a change in PWER of less than 3.3% across the whole watershed. The study method we used could provide some valuable reference for wind erosion modelling, and the research results should help climate and land-use researchers to develop strategies to reduce wind erosion. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.