期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 29, 期 38, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700783
关键词
areal capacity; covalently connected; graphite microtubes; lithium metal anodes; lithium utilization
类别
资金
- Natural Science Foundation of China [21373197, 11474265, 51322204]
- 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Government 1000 Plan Talent Program, USTC Startup
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK3430000003, WK2060140014, WK2060140017]
- iChEM
- Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation [1508085QE103]
Lithium metal is an attractive anode material for rechargeable batteries because of its high theoretical specific capacity of 3860 mA h g(-1) and the lowest negative electrochemical potential of -3.040 V versus standard hydrogen electrode. Despite extensive research efforts on tackling the safety concern raised by Li dendrites, inhibited Li dendrite growth is accompanied with decreased areal capacity and Li utilization, which are still lower than expectation for practical use. A scaffold made of covalently connected graphite microtubes is reported, which provides a firm and conductive framework with moderate specific surface area to accommodate Li metal for anodes of Li batteries. The anode presents an areal capacity of 10 mA h cm(-2) (practical gravimetric capacity of 913 mA h g(-1)) at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2), with Li utilization of 91%, Coulombic efficiencies of approximate to 97%, and long lifespan of up to 3000 h. The analysis of structure evolution during charge/discharge shows inhibited lithium dendrite growth and a reversible electrode volume change of approximate to 9%. It is suggested that an optimized microstructure with moderate electrode/electrolyte interface area is critical to accommodate volume change and inhibit the risks of irreversible Li consumption by side reactions and Li dendrite growth for high-performance Li-metal anodes.
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