期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 9, 期 43, 页码 37804-37812出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11910
关键词
nanoporous carbon; polyacrylonitrile; carbon; miniemulsion polymerization; core-shell nanoparticle; SI-ATRP
资金
- National Science Foundation [CMMI-1663305, DMR 1501324]
- Wilton E. Scott Institute for Energy Innovation at Carnegie Mellon University
- China Scholarship Council (CSC)
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1501324] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Functional nanoporous carbon spheres (NPC-S) are important for applications ranging from adsorption, catalysis, separation to energy storage, and biomedicine. The development of effective NPC-S materials has been hindered by the fusion of particles during the pyrolytic process that results in agglomerated materials with reduced activity. Herein, we present a process that enables the scalable synthesis of dispersed NPC-S materials by coating sacrificial protective layers around polyacrylonitrile nanoparticles (PAN NPs) to prevent interparticle cross-linking during carbonization. In a first step, PAN NPs are synthesized using miniemulsion polymerization, followed by grafting of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TESPMA) to form well-defined core-shell structured PAN@PTESPMA nanospheres. The cross-linked PTESPMA brush layer suppresses cross-linking reactions during carbonization. Uniform NPC-S exhibiting diameters of similar to 100 nm, with relatively high accessible surface area (similar to 424 m(2)/g), and high nitrogen content (14.8 wt %) was obtained. When compared to a regular nanoporous carbon monolith (NPC-M), the nitrogen-doped NPC-S demonstrated better performance for CO2 capture with a higher CO2/N-2 selectivity, an increased efficiency in catalytic oxygen reduction reactions, as well as improved electrochemical capacitive behavior. This miniemulsion polymerization-based strategy for the preparation of functional PAN NPs provides a new, facile approach to prepare high-performance porous carbon spheres for diverse applications.
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