期刊
VIROLOGY JOURNAL
卷 14, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0671-7
关键词
Copper; Copper transport; ATP7A; CTR1; Influenza virus; Cell metabolism
类别
资金
- Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH [P20GM103395]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Centers of Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) [HHSN272201400008C, HHSN272201400004C]
- University of Alaska Anchorage Office of Undergraduate Research Scholarship
- UAA WWAMI Della Keats Health Sciences Summer Program
- National Science Foundation [MCB-1411890]
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1411890] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Background: The essential role of copper in eukaryotic cellular physiology is known, but has not been recognized as important in the context of influenza A virus infection. In this study, we investigated the effect of cellular copper on influenza A virus replication. Methods: Influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus growth and macromolecule syntheses were assessed in cultured human lung cells (A549) where the copper concentration of the growth medium was modified, or expression of host genes involved in copper homeostasis was targeted by RNA interference. Results: Exogenously increasing copper concentration, or chelating copper, resulted in moderate defects in viral growth. Nucleoprotein (NP) localization, neuraminidase activity assays and transmission electron microscopy did not reveal significant defects in virion assembly, morphology or release under these conditions. However, RNAi knockdown of the high-affinity copper importer CTR1 resulted in significant viral growth defects (7.3-fold reduced titer at 24 hours post-infection, p = 0.04). Knockdown of CTR1 or the trans-Golgi copper transporter ATP7A significantly reduced polymerase activity in a minigenome assay. Both copper transporters were required for authentic viral RNA synthesis and NP and matrix (M1) protein accumulation in the infected cell. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that intracellular copper regulates the influenza virus life cycle, with potentially distinct mechanisms in specific cellular compartments. These observations provide a new avenue for drug development and studies of influenza virus pathogenesis.
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