Gingival crevicular fluid and plasma oxidative stress markers and TGM-2 levels in chronic periodontitis

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma transglutaminase-2 (TGM-2), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with chronic periodontal disease. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 patients with gingivitis and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Clinical periodontal parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and papillary bleeding index were recorded. GCF and plasma levels of TGM-2, TAC, TOS, TBARS and FRAP were analyzed. Results: GCF TGM-2 was significantly lower in CP group than in gingivitis patients (P = 0.006). GCF FRAP in CP and gingivitis groups was significantly lower than in healthy subjects (P < 0.001). Plasma FRAP level was lower in gingivitis group when compared to healthy subjects (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in GCF and plasma TAC, TOS, TBARS and plasma TGM-2 levels among the study groups (P > 0.05). GCF TGM-2 level was positively correlated with GCF TAC and negatively correlated with CAL. Conclusions: Decreased FRAP in GCF and plasma indicating lower antioxidant status of CP patients might suggest the role of oxidative stress in periodontitis. GCF TGM-2 data might suggest that TGM2 is associated with stabilization of the extracellular matrix and wound healing in periodontium rather than gingival inflammation.