期刊
BIOCHEMISTRY
卷 56, 期 39, 页码 5202-5209出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00443
关键词
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资金
- Heritage Medical Research Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Jacobs Institute for Molecular Engineering in Medicine
- Caltech Center for Environmental Microbial Interactions
- Human Frontiers Science Program
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- Pew Scholarship in the Biomedical Sciences
- Sontag Foundation
- Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering
- Human Frontiers Science Program Cross Disciplinary Postdoctoral Fellowship [LT000637/2016]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada PGSD
Most cellular phenomena of interest to mammalian biology occur within the context of living tissues and organisms. However, today's most advanced tools for observing and manipulating cellular function, based on fluorescent or light-controlled proteins, work best in cultured cells, transparent model species, or small, surgically accessed anatomical regions. Their reach into deep tissues and larger animals is limited by photon scattering. To overcome this limitation, we must design biochemical tools that interface with more penetrant forms of energy. For example, sound waves and magnetic fields easily permeate most biological tissues, allowing the formation of images and delivery of energy for actuation. These capabilities are widely used in clinical techniques such as diagnostic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, focused ultrasound ablation, and magnetic particle hyperthermia. Each of these modalities offers spatial and temporal precision that could be used to study a multitude of cellular processes in vivo. However, connecting these techniques to cellular functions such as gene expression, proliferation, migration, and signaling requires the development of new biochemical tools that can interact with sound waves and magnetic fields as optogenetic tools interact with photons. Here, we discuss the exciting challenges this poses for biomolecular engineering and provide examples of recent advances pointing the way to greater depth in in vivo cell biology.
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